Cloud Computing : How it is different from Traditional Client-Server Architecture and Grid Computing


Cloud Computing has recently emerged as a computing paradigm which provides and manages services over the internet. It has overcome many other technologies like Distributed Computing, Grid Computing and Utility Computing.

How Cloud is different then Traditional Client-Server

In a traditional client-server model, client connects to a server that performs a particular job. This server may host a database, or a webpage, or shares a file, etc. In the client-server architecture if the company have a database then the database server is called db.companyname.com and company's webserver communicated with it. If the company wants to increase resources it might add another dedicated webserver and provide a load-balancing etc.

Cloud Computing abstracts all possible uses of a client-server
model as well as the server architecture itself, in terms of hardware, topology, location, and even ownership. Typically in Cloud Computing, the servers are "the cloud" which resides remotely and are accessed via the internet. 

How Cloud is different then Grid Computing
In Cloud Computing the application does not access the resources directly, it access the resources through some services. In Grid computing when an application is to be computed, the  resources required for its computation like hardware resources or network resources, is directly given to the application. Whereas in Cloud if an application requires small amount of resources, then service only allocates a small amount of resources, say a physical CPU (that may be shared with some other application using the service). If the application requires a large amount of resources, then the service allocates that large amount, say grid of CPU's.

 Consider an example: If one web site has a dedicated server and it is  written on a cloud. During the low traffic, the web site may share other servers with many other web sites and during the high traffic web site is moved to its dedicated server or grid of servers. This is all handled by the cloud services, so the application should not have to be modified depending on the situation.

One more point which also differs grid with cloud computing is grid computing forms the distributed computing sharing CPU's, Hardware and storages through network infrastructure over LAN or WAN. However, Cloud Computing provides TCP/IP based architecture with highly reliable architecture, fast processors and huge memory. Cloud can dynamically configure or reconfigure servers as needed. 

   Grid computing involves dividing a large task into many smaller tasks that run in parallel on separate servers. A cloud is more than a collection of computer resources because a cloud provides a mechanism to manage those resources. Management includes provisioning, de-provisioning, change requests, workload, monitoring,etc.

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